[65], In May 1868, knez Mihailo was assassinated with his cousin Anka Konstantinović while riding in a carriage in his country residence. [244] More recently, Belgrade hosted European Athletics Indoor Championships in 2017 and the basketball EuroLeague Final Four tournament in 2018. [85] Belgrade became the first city in Europe to be declared by the Nazi occupation forces to be Judenfrei. Other cultural centres in Belgrade are American Corner,[174] Austrian Cultural Forum,[175] British Council,[176] Chinese Confucius Institute,[177] Canadian Cultural centre,[178] Hellenic Foundation for Culture,[179] Italian Istituto Italiano di Cultura,[180] Iranian Culture centre,[181] Azerbaijani Culture centre[182] and Russian centre for Science and Culture. [192][193] The exhibition was seen by almost 100,000 visitors. Kingdom of Serbia 1918 Pointing to Josimović's work, Serbian scholars have noted an important break with Ottoman traditions. [226] There are 37 protected natural resources in the Belgrade urban area, among which eight are geo-heritage sites, i.e. [194], The Military Museum, established in 1878 in Kalemegdan, houses a wide range of more than 25,000 military objects dating from the prehistoric to the medieval to the modern eras. [210] Elements of Serbo-Byzantine Revival are present in buildings such as House of Vuk's Foundation, old Post Office in Kosovska street, and sacral architecture, such as St. Mark's Church (based on the Gračanica monastery), and the Temple of Saint Sava. 'White City', pronounced [beǒɡrad] (listen); names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia. Belgrade served as capital of the Serbian Despotate during the reign of Stefan Lazarević, and then his successor Đurađ Branković returned it to the Hungarian king in 1427. The Belgrade Stock Exchange is also located in New Belgrade, and has a market capitalisation of €6.5 billion (US$7.1 billion). Belgrade bypass is connecting the E70 and E75 motorways and is under construction. SFR Yugoslavia[29] 1944–1992 Typical of Central European cities in the last quarter of the 19th century, the fourth phase was characterised by an eclecticist style based on the Renaissance and Baroque periods. [92] In 1962, Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport was built. [201] The institution also operates the Museum of Yugoslav Film Archive, with movie theatre and exhibition hall. According to the most recent census, there is currently a population of 1,166,800. Ottoman Empire 1690–1717 Between 1850 and 1875, new architecture was characterised by a turn towards the newly-popular Romanticism, along with older European architectural styles. The Belgrade City Museum moved into a new building in downtown in 2006. Belgrade is the financial centre of Serbia and Southeast Europe, with a total of 17 million square metres (180 million square feet) of office space. Most of the subsequent Balkan offensives occurred near Belgrade. In 395 AD, the site passed to the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. [131][132] Many Middle Easterners, mainly from Syria, Iran, Jordan and Iraq, arrived in order to pursue their studies during the 1970s and 1980s, and have remained in the city. There are two suburban settlements with significant minority population today: Ovča and the village of Boljevci, both with about one quarter of their population being Romanians and Slovaks, respectively. Since 1996,[251] semiannual (autumn/winter and spring/summer seasons) fashion weeks are held citywide. In 1950, the population of Belgrade was 432,028. Straževica profile, Mašin Majdan-Topčider, Profile at the Kalemegdan Fortress, Abandoned quarry in Barajevo, Karagača valley, Artesian well in Ovča, Kapela loess profile, and Lake in Sremčica. It is divided into 14 Secretariats, each having a specific portfolio such as traffic or health care, and several professional services, agencies and institutes. Elite neighbourhood of Dedinje is situated near the Topčider and Košutnjak parks. Serbia's de facto independence dates from this event. Belgrade is the most important media hub in Serbia. Kingdom of Serbia (Syrmia) 1284–1402 By 1940, the population had swelled to over 300,000 and has continued to multiply since that time. [60][61] During his first reign (1815–1839), Prince Miloš Obrenović pursued expansion of the city's population through the addition of new settlements, aiming and succeeding to make Belgrade the centre of the Principality's administrative, military and cultural institutions. British fashion designer Roksanda Ilincic, who was born in the city, also frequently presents her runway shows in Belgrade. [256], The city is also home to 195 primary (elementary) schools and 85 secondary schools. [217], The historic areas and buildings of Belgrade are among the city's premier attractions. [Note 1] In a fatally strategic position, the city has been battled over in 115 wars and razed 44 times, being bombed five times and besieged many times.[12]. [210] [242], There are approximately one-thousand sports facilities in Belgrade, many of which are capable of serving all levels of sporting events.[243]. In 1968, major student protests led to several street clashes between students and the police. [104] After the Yugoslav Wars, Serbia became home to highest number of refugees and internally displaced persons in Europe, while more than third settled in Belgrade. [204] The museum hosts a range of collections covering the history of urban life since prehistory. Four hundred years later, in the 1900s, Belgrade's population had dropped to as low as 70,000 before beginning to re-establish a positive growth rate. The neighbourhood of Mirijevo is considered to be the most successful project of fixing the problem. They have moving and dormant phases, and some of them have been recorded for centuries. Kingdom of Yugoslavia[28] 1918–1941 [183] European Union National Institutes for Culture operates a cluster of cultural centres from the EU. [97] According to various media outlets, there were between 100,000 and 150,000 people on the streets. Since the 19th century, the city has been expanding to the south and east; after World War II, New Belgrade was built on the left bank of the Sava river, connecting Belgrade with Zemun. [210] However, in the mid-1950s, modernist trends took over, and still dominate the Belgrade architecture. [206] Museum also houses Joseph Stalin's sabre with 260 brilliants and diamonds, donated by Stalin himself. [220] During summer there are between 200,000 and 300,000 bathers daily. [240], The Times reported that Europe's best nightlife can be found in Belgrade. Even though the Ottomans had captured most of the Serbian Despotate, Belgrade, known as Nándorfehérvár in Hungarian, was unsuccessfully besieged in 1440[42] and 1456. Ottoman Empire 1791–1806 Approximately 89.9% of people identify as practicing Eastern Orthodoxy. Most of them moved away after the World War II and their temple, Belgrade pagoda, was abandoned and eventually demolished. найÑе ÑиÑленноÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ваÑем Ñегионе! Between 10,000 and 20,000[130] Chinese people are estimated to live in Belgrade and, since their arrival in the mid-1990s, Block 70 in New Belgrade has been known colloquially as the Chinese quarter. [142], As of 2019, Belgrade contained 31.4% of Serbia's employed population and generated over 40.4% of its GDP. [253][254] Other TV stations broadcasting from Belgrade include 1Prva (formerly Fox televizija), Nova, N1 and others which only cover the greater Belgrade municipal area, such as Studio B. High-circulation daily newspapers published in Belgrade include Politika, Blic, Alo!, Kurir and Danas. In the period after the Serbian Revolution, Belgrade was again named the capital of Serbia in 1841. The growth rate between 2001 and 2011 was .46% per year and, if the totals remain at this rate, the population of 2017 will be 1,199,359 people. The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts is also based in Belgrade, as well as the National Library of Serbia. Notable items include Turkish and oriental arms, national banners, and Yugoslav Partisan regalia. During the 60s and 70s Belgrade held a number of major international events such as the first ever World Aquatics Championships in 1973, 1976 European Football Championship and 1973 European Cup Final, European Athletics Championships in 1962 and European Indoor Games in 1969, European Basketball Championships in 1961 and 1975, European Volleyball Championship for men and women in 1975 and World Amateur Boxing Championships in 1978. He shot the first motion pictures of Belgrade in the next year; however, they have not been preserved. Being Serbia's primate city, Belgrade has special administrative status within Serbia. It is the most popular destination for Belgraders during the city's hot summers. There is also a part of the population that is undeclared at 1.6% and a few that are of unknown ethnic origin at 1.3%. The smallest religions represented are Protestantism at .2%, Asian religions such as Buddhism and Hinduism at .02%, and Judaism at a minuscule .02% of the overall population. According to population statistics dating back to 1953, growth is always part of the economy except for 1991 to 2002 which reflected a negative growth rate of -.39%.
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