We included studies that 1) dealt with the prevalence, as described in the article or calculated from the presented data, or 2) described an intervention on BO, CF, VT or S/PTS. The aim of the literature review was to retrieve all relevant studies and not just a sample (Barroso et al., 2003).
They suggested that drop out by the already over-exhausted individuals participating in the study to explain their results; this reason of self-selection bias may have a substantial role in all of the studies on this topic. The stated metaphor alludes to the unbearable weight on shoulders indicating that the nurses were unable to cope with the pressure of work. The included studies demonstrated that nurses were unable to “escape” from their personal and professional issues due to stress at work.
To interpret the body of qualitative work focusing on compassion fatigue to distil a common understanding that could then be applied to nursing care. Development of resilience in nursing students: A systematic qualitative review and thematic synthesis. Six databases were searched for articles published in English. A dose‐dependent response has been suggested (Berger, Polivka, Smoot, & Owens, 2015; Branch & Klinkenberg, 2015; Jakimowicz & Perry, 2015) with support from management a key predictor (Hunsaker, Chen, Maughan, & Heaston, 2015). | In work by Maytum, Heiman, and Garwick (2004, p. 174), respondents described fatigue and lack of energy as key indicators of compassion fatigue, as did respondents studied by Mason et al. Suggestions for avoiding compassion fatigue: The clustering of the physical concepts led to the metaphor “just plain worn (wrung) out”. The findings in this research did not reveal the extent to which nurse's experience compassion fatigue and how that might vary with individual characteristics and practice setting and are areas in need of further study.
A corollary to these physical complaints were emotional symptoms which included a sense of hopelessness, frustration and despair, accompanied by feelings of incompetence, impotence, isolation and no option but to “opt out”. Studies reporting the prevalence of burnout, compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma in ICU healthcare professionals were included, as well as related intervention studies.
Subsequently, more agreement is needed to address the discrepancies in measurement issues, and to better investigate emotional distress with a large international quantitative observational multicenter study. Four themes related to compassion fatigue were found by consensus discussion. Conversely, Sabo suggested BO as a pre-condition for CF [33], and Aycock proposed that CF replaces the outdated notion of BO in describing the phenomenon in oncology nurses [34]. The assessment of all articles which were read in full text, as indicated in additional file S2, had an excellent inter-rater agreement using Cohen´s kappa (k = 0.912). In the Perry et al. Compassion fatigue in nursing: A concept analysis. Many were unable to diffuse the distress they experienced at work through use of internal dialogue with self or verbalisation with others – strategies believed to distance nurses from feelings of compassion fatigue (Giarelli, Denigris, Fisher, Maley, & Nolan, 2016, p. E129).
In contrast to STS, which refers to symptoms related to a process of indirect traumatization, CF is stressing the diminished sympathy to someone´s suffering, and the lessened desire to help in a broad context through the meaning of compassion [20,83]. It is clear that working at an ICU correlates with a substantial risk of emotional distress, all of the included studies underscored the stressful environment in the ICU. Yes Such behaviours are essential in the provision of nursing care, particularly as cultural diversity increases (Wikberg & Bondas, 2010). Primary traumatization is the process that can occur from having persistent, intense and direct contact with a traumatic event, such as a situation of war, violence or sexual abuse.
(2011) study, one participant reported, “I work with a great team and we take care of each other. Factors related to work environment were viewed by nurses as a cause of compassion fatigue which brought about anxiety. Compassion fatigue is a concept which has gained considerable attention over the past couple of decades as the challenges of working in the health professions have become manifest. Finally, the variety of research variables, i.e., whether the variables are significantly related to emotional distress in the ICU, perpetuates the lack of clarity. The loss of this compassionate energy is also mentioned in a conceptual analysis of CF, in which is stated that the synonymous use of CF with STS is far removed from Joinson´s original meaning [28].
Compassion fatigue has emerged as a detrimental consequence of experiencing work-related stress among psychiatric nurses, and affected the job performance, emotional and physical health of psychiatric nurses. reported a prevalence rate of 68.0% with BO defined as a high score on any BO symptom, and 45% for the emotional exhaustion subscale [44]. Emotional demands often disabled nurses to a point of feeling hopeless in the caring situation (Sheppard, 2015). Epub 2015 Jan 20. Of the nine articles that were identified, eight appeared in nursing journals and one in an ethics/social work publication. and you may need to create a new Wiley Online Library account. To begin, the concepts specifically related to the ICU healthcare environment have to be defined by a wide-ranging consensus committee, e.g by conducting a Delphi study. here. We would like to thank W.M. Click through the PLOS taxonomy to find articles in your field. However, since its origination, the operationalization and measurement of BO have differed enormously.
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