Toba, The Supervolcano Once upon a time, says Sam, around 70,000 B.C., a volcano called Toba, on Sumatra, in Indonesia went off, blowing roughly 650 miles of vaporized rock into the air. トバ・カタストロフ理論（トバ・カタストロフりろん、Toba catastrophe theory）は、約7万年から7万5千年前に、インドネシアのスマトラ島にあるトバ火山が大噴火を起こして気候の寒冷化を引き起こし、その後の人類の進化に大きな影響を与えたという学説である。 National Geographic stories take you on a journey that’s always enlightening, often surprising, and unfailingly fascinating. A mini ice age followed, lasting around 1,000 years. Toba catastrophe theory – Supereruption 75,000 years ago that may have caused a global volcanic winter References [ edit ] ^ Martin, Paul S.; Klein, Richard G. (1989-01-01). 73,000-68,000 YA The Toba Catastrophe Theory holds that on the island of Sumatra a super-volcanic eruption created a volcanic winter that extended to Africa and reduced the world's human population there to between 1,000 and 10,000 breeding couples.
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